JourneyThroughGrammar - Integrated View of SLA

AN INTEGRATED VIEW OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

Stage 1: Apperceived Input L1 learner relates new knowledge to past experiences. Determinant factors of aperceived input: Frequency Affect Prior knowledge Attention	Approaches: Lexical Approach Explanation: The lexical approach focuses on assisting learners identify the gap between their own language (L1) and the second language (L2). It is a successful approach in that it takes in considerations of prior knowledge and emphasized frequency, affect, and attention. Classroom activities should focus on putting together ready-made language for acquisition. Working with images is an effective way to build new vocabulary. Repetition and recycling activities of new language and grammar.	Materials and Resources Needed: Word lists Photographs Reference Tools Matching Exercises Activities in noticing patterns More information and ideas on the Lexical Approach: http://www.cal.org/resources/Digest/digest_pdfs/0102-moudraia-lexical.pdf
Stage 2: Comprehended Input Comprehended Input: learner-controlled. Comprehensible Input: teacher controlled.	Approaches: Task-Based Learning Explanation: Task-based learning involves students in a central task. The teacher provides the task and the student responds in the form of comprehended input. The focus is first on the task and ultimately the meaning.	Materials and Resources Needed: Picture, audio, or video demonstrating task. Students can work to prepare either a written or oral report to the class. Sample TBL Lesson Plan: http://www.languages.dk/courses/call-tbl/Lesson_plan_from_Oznur.pdf
Stage 3: Comprehended Integration Comprehended Integration: The ability to understand and comprehend language.	Approaches: Integrated Approach Content-Based Instruction Cognitive Academic Approach Explanation: Language learning strategies are integrated simultaneously in content and language.	Materials and Resources Needed: Plan should incorporate scaffolding. Instructional support should be given and gradually removed.Student will demonstrate comprehension of language skills. Interactive activities. Ask students to use language strategies. Cooperative learning environment. Cognitive Approach Lesson Guide: http://mtsu32.mtsu.edu:11398/eslcalla.htm
Stage 4: Output Production and experimentation with language. Opportunities for feedback and syntactic analysis.	Approaches: Interactionist Approach Explanation: L2 learner will interact in the classroom environment actively using language skills. Teacher will provide feedback.	Materials and Resources Needed: Role play activities Conversation starters Teaching conversation ideas: http://www.eslpartyland.com/teachers/nov/conv.htm
Suggestions and Tips for Teachers	Approaches for Beginners / Limited English Proficiency Lexical Approach Task-Based Approach Approaches for Moderate English Proficiency Task-Based Learning Content-Based Approach Interactionist Approach Approaches for Younger ESL Student Lexical Approach Content-Based Approach Approaches for Middle School Task-Based Learning Content-Based Approach Interactionist Approach Approaches for High School Interactionist Approach Task-Based Learning Content Based Instruction	Materials and Resources Needed: Sites with sample effective lesson plans to use in the classroom: TESL.ORG http://iteslj.org/Lessons/ Dave’s ESL Cafe http://www.eslcafe.com/search/Lesson_Plans/ ESL Galaxy http://www.esl-galaxy.com/lessons.htm

l_0d96547990b5a6ea19637c0724248d96[1].jpg

Daiva Berzinskas
ESL Instructor: daivaberz@gmail.com